Monkeypox is a rare viral infection that is similar to smallpox. It is most often seen in Africa, where it gets its name from. The virus is spread through contact with an infected animal, such as a monkey or rat. It can also be spread from person to person through close contact, such as touching or sharing bedding with an infected person. The monkeypox rash is one of the most distinctive symptoms of the virus and can help doctors diagnose the illness.